Prof Tim Claridge

tim
NMR Facility Director, Professor of NMR

Tim was the Director of the NMR facilities for Organic Chemistry and Chemical Biology.

 

Research Interests

My research interests revolve around the application of solution-state NMR techniques to address questions of structure, function and dynamics of ‘small’ molecules in organic chemistry and chemical biology. Many of the projects in which I become involved arise through collaborations with groups across the department and the university more widely.

ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5583-6460

NMR supersequences for efficient structure characterisation: NOAH

I am involved with the development of time-efficient NMR ‘supersequences’ termed NOAH (NMR by Ordered Acquisition using 1H detection) that can provide a significant reduction in the time required for collecting 2D data sets used for the characterisation of small molecules. These experiments work by nesting multiple conventional 2D experiments into one, thereby reducing the number of lengthy magnetisation recovery delays required in data acquisition. This work is in collaboration with Ēriks Kupče of Bruker Biospin UK. See our NOAH page and the GENESIS website for more details and access to pulse programmes etc.

Protein-ligand binding studies by NMR spectroscopy

The interaction of small molecules with protein targets is an area in which NMR spectroscopy can play a key role, providing information on the behaviour of the small molecule and on structural changes in the protein itself. A wide range of techniques are available to probe such interactions (such as relaxation filtering, saturation transfer difference and WaterLOGSY) and we are interested in further developing and applying such methods to a variety biological systems. We also employ protein-observe methods when isotopically labelled macromolecules are available, for example via non-specific 15N or specific 19F labelling.

NMR methods for studying small molecules

Despite their relatively small size, many molecules encountered in the laboratory of synthetic and medicinal chemists have structures that can prove surprisingly difficult to define reliably, especially in relation to stereochemistry. We are interested in exploring the application of novel methods and developing these further to help better elucidate small molecule structures. Methods that are currently of interest are those based on pure shift methodology (broadband proton decoupled proton spectroscopy), methods for fluorinated molecules, the use of anisotropic parameters as alternatives to traditional scalar couplings and NOEs. 

Publications

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231) Impact of Multiple Hydrogen Bonds with Fluoride on Catalysis: Insight from NMR Spectroscopy
Francesco Ibba, Gabriele Pupo, John M. Brown, Timothy D. W. Claridge, and Véronique Gouverneur, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2020, 142, (46), 19731-19744
[DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c09832]
230) Methyl gallate – rich fraction of Syzygium coriaceum Bosser & Guého leaf extract induced cancer cell cytotoxicity via oxidative stress.
Nawraj Rummun, Elisabete Pires, James McCullagh, Timothy W.D. Claridge, Theeshan Bahorun, Wen-Wu Li, Vidushi S. Neergheen-Bhujun, South African Journal of Botany, 2021, 137, 149-158.
[DOI: 10.1016/j.sajb.2020.10.014]
229) Terminalia bentzoë, a Mascarene Endemic Plant, Inhibits Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells Growth In Vitro via G0/G1 Phase Cell Cycle Arrest.
Nawraj Rummun, Philippe Rondeau, Emmanuel Bourdon, Elisabete Pires, James McCullagh, Timothy D. W. Claridge, Theeshan Bahorun, Wen-Wu Li, and Vidushi S. Neergheen. Pharmaceuticals, 2020, 13, 303
 [DOI:10.3390/ph13100303]
228) Post-inflammatory behavioural despair in male mice is associated with reduced cortical glutamate-glutamine ratios, and circulating lipid and energy metabolites.
Shi Yu Chan, Fay Probert, Jennifer C Hebert, Timothy DW Claridge, Daniel C Anthony, Philip WJ Burnet, Scientific Reports, 2020, 10, 16857
[DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-74008-w]
227) A blood‑based metabolomics test to distinguish relapsing–remitting and secondary progressive multiple sclerosis: addressing practical considerations for clinical application.
Tianrong Yeo, Megan Sealey, Yifan Zhou, Luisa Saldana, Samantha Loveless, Timothy D. W. Claridge, Neil Robertson, Gabriele DeLuca, Jacqueline Palace, Daniel C. Anthony & Fay Probert, Sci. Rep., 2020, 10, 12381
[DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-69119-3]
226) Reducing agent mediated non-enzymatic conversion of 2-oxoglutarate to succinate – implications for oxygenase assays.
Amjad Khan, Christopher J. Schofield, and Timothy D. W. Claridge, ChemBioChem, 2020,
[DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202000185]
225) NMR waterLOGSY as An Assay in Drug Development Programmes for Detecting Protein-Ligand Interactions–NMR waterLOGSY.
Carole J. R. Bataille, Terence H. Rabbitts, and Timothy D. Claridge, Bio-protocol 10(13): e3666.
[DOI: 10.21769/BioProtoc.3666]
224) Monitoring protein-metal binding by 19F NMR – Case study with the New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase 1.
Anna M. Rydzik, Jürgen Brem, Timothy D. W. Claridge, and Christopher J. Schofield, RSC Med. Chem., 2020,11, 387-391
[DOI: 10.1039/c9md00416e]
223) Global Aromaticity at the Nanoscale
Michel Rickhaus, Michael Jirasek, Lara Tejerina, Henrik Gotfredsen, Martin D. Peeks, Renée Haver, Hua-Wei Jiang, Timothy D. W. Claridge, and Harry L. Anderson, Nat. Chem., 2020, 12, 236–241
[DOI: 10.1038/s41557-019-0398-3]
222) Studies on the Selectivity of Proline Hydroxylases Reveal New Substrates Including Bicycles
Tristan J. Smart, Refaat B. Hamed, Timothy D. W. Claridge, Christopher J. Schofield, Bioorganic Chemistry, 2020, 94 103386
[DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.103386]

221) Reliable, high-quality suppression of NMR signals arising from water and macromolecules: application to bio-fluid analysis
Juan A. Aguilar, Julia Cassani, Fay Probert, Jacqueline Palace, Tim D. W. Claridge, Adolfo Botana and Alan M. Kenwright, Analyst, 2019, 144, 7270 - 7277
[DOI: 10.1039/C9AN01005J]
220) How formaldehyde reacts with amino acids.
Jos J. A. G. Kamps, Richard J. Hopkinson, Christopher J. Schofield, and Timothy D. W. Claridge, Commun Chem, 2019, 2, 126
[DOI: 10.1038/s42004-019-0224-2]
219) 19F NMR studies on γ-Butyrobetaine Hydroxylase Provide Mechanistic Insights and suggest a dual Inhibition mode.
Robert K. Leśniak, Anna M. Rydzik, Jos J. A. G. Kamps, Amjad Kahn, Timothy D. W. Claridge, and Christopher J. Schofield, Chem. Comm, 2019, 55, 14717-14720
[DOI: 10.1039/C9CC06466D]
218) Isolation, structural identification, synthesis, and pharmacological profiling of 1,2-trans-dihydro-1,2-diol metabolites of the utrophin modulator ezutromid.
Maria Chatzopoulou, Tim D. W. Claridge, Kay E. Davies, Stephen G. Davies, David Elsey, Enrico Emer, Ai M. Fletcher, Shawn Harriman, Neil Robinson, Jessica Rowley, Angela J. Russell, Jonathan Tinsley, Richard Weaver, Isabel Wilkinson, Nicky Willis, Francis Wilson, and Graham M. Wynne, J. Med. Chem. 2019,
[DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b01547]
217) Classifying the antibody negative NMO syndromes: clinical, imaging and metabolomic modeling.
Tianrong Yeo, Fay Probert, Maciej Jurynczyk, Megan Sealey, Ana Cavey, Tim D. W. Claridge, Mark R Woodhall, Patrick J. Waters, Maria Isabel S. Leite, Daniel Anthony, and Jacqueline Palace, , Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm 2019, 6, e626.
[DOI:10.1212/NXI.0000000000000626]
216) Global Aromaticity and Antiaromaticity in Porphyrin Nanoring Anions.
Martin D. Peeks, Michael Jirasek, Timothy D. W. Claridge and Harry L. Anderson, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 2019,
[DOI: 10.1002/anie.201909032]
215) New NOAH Modules for Structure Elucidation at Natural Isotopic Abundance.
Ēriks Kupče  and T. D. W. Claridge, J. Magn. Reson., 2019,
[DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2019.106568]
214) 19F-NMR Monitoring of Reversible Protein Post-Translational Modifications: Class D β-Lactamase Carbamylation and Inhibition.
Emma van Groesen, Christopher T. Lohans, Jürgen Brem, Kristina M. J. Aertker, Timothy D. W. Claridge, and Christopher J. Schofield., Chem. Eur. J., 2019,
[DOI: 10.1002/chem.201902529]
213) Triplet NOAH supersequences optimised for small molecule structure characterisation.
Tim D. W. Claridge, Maksim Mayzel, and Ēriks Kupče, Magn. Reson. Chem., 
[DOI:10.1002/mrc.4887]
212) Electrochemical Oxidation of the Phospha- and Arsa-ethynolate Anions, PCO– and AsCO–.
Frank Tambornino, Eden E. L. Tanner, Hatem M. A. Amin, Jennifer Holter, Tim Claridge, Richard G. Compton, and Jose M. Goicoechea, Eur. J. Inorg. Chem., 2019, 1644–1649
[DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201801503]
211) Biocatalytic Production of Bicyclic β-Lactams with Three Contiguous Chiral Centres using Engineered Crotonases.
Refaat Hamed, Ruben Gomez-Castellanos, Luc Henry, Sven Warhaut, Timothy D. W. Claridge, and Christopher Schofield, Nature Comms. Chem., 2019, 2:7
[DOI: 10.1038/s42004-018-0106-z]

210) Studies on the Substrate Selectivity of the Hypoxia‐Inducible Factor Prolyl Hydroxylase 2 Catalytic Domain.
Martine I. Abboud, Rasheduzzaman Chowdhury, Ivanhoe K.H. Leung, Kerstin Lippl, Christoph Loenarz, Timothy D.W. Claridge, and Christopher J. Schofield, ChemBioChem, 2018, 19, 2262-2267
[DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201800246]
209) Plasma Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Metabolomics Discriminates Between High and Low Endoscopic Activity and Predicts Progression in a Prospective Cohort of Patients With Ulcerative Colitis.
Fay Probert, Alissa Walsh, Marta Jagielowicz, Tianrong Yeo, Timothy D. W. Claridge, Alison Simmons, Simon Travis, Daniel C Anthony, Journal of Crohn's and Colitis, 2018, 12, 1326–1337
[DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjy101]
208) Human histone demethylase KDM6B can catalyse sequential oxidations.
Richard J. Hopkinson, Gareth W. Langley, Roman Belle, Louise J. Walport, Kate Dunne, Martin Münzel, Eidarus Salah, Akane Kawamura, Timothy D. W. Claridge and Christopher J. Schofield, Chem. Comm. 2018, 54, 7975-7978
[DOI: 10.1039/c8cc04057e]
207) The Dimroth rearrangement as a probable cause for structure mis-assignments in imidazo[1,2-a]pyrimidines: A 15N-labelling study and an easy method for the determination of regio-chemistry.
Maria Chatzopoulou, Fernando Martinez Vasquez, Nicky J. Willis, Timothy D. W. Claridge, Francis X. Wilson, Graham M. Wynne, Stephen G. Davies, Angela J. Russell, Tetrahedron, 2018, 38, 5280-5288
[DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2018.06.033]
206) Molecular Structure from a Single NMR Supersequence.
Eriks Kupce and Tim D. W. Claridge, Chem. Comm., 2018, 54, 7139-7142.
[DOI: 10.1039/C8CC03296C]
205) NMR Analyses on N-Hydroxymethylated Nucleobases – Implications for Formaldehyde Toxicity and Nucleic Acid Demethylases.
S. Shishodia, D. Zhang, A. El-Sagheer, T. Brown, T. D. W. Claridge, C. J. Schofield and R. J. Hopkinson, Org. Biomol. Chem. 2018,  16, 4021-4032.
[DOI: 10.1039/c8ob00734a]
204) Non-competitive cyclic peptides for targeting enzyme-substrate complexes.
Tom E McAllister, Tzu-Lan Yeh, Martine I Abboud, Ivanhoe K H Leung, Edward S Hookway, Oliver N F King, Bhaskar Bhushan, Sophie T Williams, Richard J. Hopkinson, Martin Münzel, Nikita Loik, Rasheduzzaman Chowdhury, Udo Oppermann, Timothy D. W. Claridge, Yuki Goto, Hiroaki Suga, Christopher J. Schofield & Akane Kawamura, Chemical Science, 2018, 9, 4569-4578.
[DOI: 10.1039/C8SC00286J]
203) NMReDATA, a standard to report the NMR assignment and parameters of organic compounds.
Marion Pupier, Jean-Marc Nuzillard, Julien Wist, Nils E. Schlörer, Stefan Kuhn, Mate Erdelyi, Christoph Steinbeck, Antony J. Williams, Craig Butts, Tim D. W. Claridge, Bozhana Mikhova, Wolfgang Robien, Hesam Dashti, Hamid R. Eghbalnia, Christophe Farès, Christian Adam, Kessler Pavel, Fabrice Moriaud, Mikhail Elyashberg, Dimitris Argyropoulos, Manuel Pérez, Patrick Giraudeau, Roberto R. Gil, Paul Trevorrow, Damien Jeannerat, Magn. Reson. Chem., 2018, 56, 703-715.
[DOI: 10.1002/mrc.4737]
202) Synthesis of statistical PET/PEN random block copolymers and their crystallizability in the bulk and at the surface.
Kei Shinotsuka,  Hazel Assender, and Timothy D. W. Claridge Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2018, 135, 46515.
[DOI: 10.1002/app.46515]
201) Measuring Spin Relaxation Rates using Satellite Exchange NMR Spectroscopy.
Gerard P. Robertson, Barbara Odell, Ilya Kuprov, Darren J. Dixon, and Tim D. W. Claridge, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 2018,  57, 7498-7502.
[DOI: 10.1002/anie.201801322]
200) Template-Directed Synthesis of a Conjugated Zinc Porphyrin Nanoball.
Jonathan Cremers, Renee Haver, Michel Rickhaus, Juliane Q. Gong, Ludovic Favereau, Martin D. Peeks, Tim D. W. Claridge, Laura M. Herz, and Harry L. Anderson, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2018, 140, 5352-5355. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b02552]
199) Synthesis of (aminoalkyl)cycleanine analogues: cytotoxicity, cellular uptake, and apoptosis induction in ovarian cancer cells.
Fidelia Ijeoma Uche, James McCullagh, Timothy W.D. Claridge, Alan Richardson, Wen-Wu Li, Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 2018, 28, 1652–1656.
[DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2018.03.038]
198) On the ozonolysis of unsaturated tosylhydrazones as a direct approach to diazocarbonyls.
Younes Fegheh-Hassanpour, Faisal Ebrahim, Tanzeel Arif, Herman O. Sintim, Timothy D. W. Claridge, Nader T. Amin and David M. Hodgson, Org. Biol. Chem., 2018, 16, 2876-2884.
[DOI: 10.1039/C8OB00435H]
197) 2-Oxoglutarate regulates binding of hydroxylated hypoxia-inducible factor to prolyl hydroxylase domain 2.
Martine I. Abboud, Tom E. McAllister, Ivanhoe K. H. Leung, Rasheduzzaman Chowdhury, Christian Jorgensen, Carmen Domenea, Jasmin Mecinović, Kerstin Lippl, Rebecca L. Hancock, Richard J. Hopkinson, Akane Kawamura, Timothy D. W. Claridge and  Christopher J. Schofield, Chem. Commun., 2018, 54, 3130-3133.
[DOI: 10.1039/C8CC00387D]
196) Cyclobutanone Mimics of Intermediates in Metallo-β-Lactamase Catalysis
Martine I. Abboud, Magda Kosmopoulou, Anthony P. Krismanich, Jarrod W. Johnson, Philip Hinchliffe, Jurgen Brem,
Timothy D. W. Claridge, James Spencer, Christopher J. Schofield, and Gary I. Dmitrienko, Chem. Eur. J. 2018, 24, 5734-5737.
[DOI: 10.1002/chem.201705886]

195) The efficacy of the Quercetin analogue LY294002 in immortalized cancer cell lines is related to the oxygenic and metabolic status of cells.
Xinyue Huang, Michelle Potter, Ben Pilgrim, Ruchuta Ardkhean, Mikail Kabeshov, Timothy Claridge, Matthew Wiseman, Karl Jonathan Morten, Timothy Donohoe, Helen Elizabeth Townley, Int J Cancer Ther Oncol. 2017; 5(1):51X.
[DOI: 10.14319/ijcto.51.14]
194) Metabolomics reveals distinct, antibody-independent, molecular signatures of MS, AQP4-antibody and MOG-antibody disease
Maciej Jurynczyk, Fay Probert, Tianrong Yeo, George Tackley, Tim D.W. Claridge, Ana Cavey, Mark R. Woodhall, Siddharth Arora, Torsten Winkler, Eric Schiffer, Angela Vincent, Gabriele DeLuca, Nicola R. Sibson, M. Isabel Leite, Patrick Waters, Daniel C Anthony, and Jacqueline Palace. Acta Neuropathologica Communications, 2017, 5, 95.
[DOI: 10.1186/s40478-017-0495-8]
193) Single-Acetylene Linked Porphyrin Nanorings
Michel Rickhaus, Andreas Vargas Jentzsch, Lara Tejerina, Isabell Grübner, Michael Jirasek, Timothy D. W. Claridge, and Harry L. Anderson, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2017, 139, 16502−16505.
[DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b10710]
192) Terminally truncated isopenicillin N synthase generates a dithioester product: evidence for a thioaldehyde intermediate during catalysis and a new mode of reaction for non-heme iron oxidases.
Luke A. McNeill Toby J. N. Brown, Malkit Sami, Ian J. Clifton, Nicolai I. Burzlaff, Timothy D. W. Claridge, Robert M. Adlington, Jack E. Baldwin, Peter J. Rutledge, and Christopher J. Schofield., Chem. Eur. J., 2017, 23, 12815-12824.
[DOI: 10.1002/chem.201701592]
191) Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms of HIF Prolyl Hydroxylase inhibitors in Clinical Trials.
Tzu-Lan Yeh, Thomas M. Leissing, Martine I. Abboud, Cyrille C. Thinnes, Onur Atasoylu, James P. Holt-Martyn, Dong Zhang, Anthony Tumber, Kerstin Lippl, Christopher T. Lohans, Ivanhoe K. H. Leung, Helen Morcrette, Ian. J. Clifton, Timothy D. W. Claridge, Akane Kawamura, Emily Flashman, Xin Lu, Peter J. Ratcliffe, Rasheduzzaman Chowdhury, Christopher W. Pugh, and Christopher J. Schofield. Chemical Science, 2017, 8, 7651–7668.
[DOI: 10.1039/c7sc02103h.]
190) Isochondodendrine and 2′-norcocsuline: additional alkaloids from Triclisia subcordata, induced cytotoxicity and apoptosis in ovarian cancer cell lines.
Fidelia Ijeoma Uche,  Mohammed N. Abed, Marwan I. Abdullah, Falko P. Drijfhout, James McCullagh, Timothy W. D. Claridge, Alan Richardson and Wen-Wu Li, RSC Adv., 2017, 7, 44154-44161.
[DOI: 10.1039/c7ra08032h]
189) NOAH – NMR Supersequences for Small Molecule Analysis and Structure Elucidation.
Eriks Kupce and Tim D. W. Claridge, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 2017, 56, 11779-11783.
[DOI: 10.1002/anie.201705506]
188) mRNA cap analogues substituted in the tetraphosphate chain with CX2: identification of O-to-CCl2 as the first bridging modification that confers resistance to decapping without impairing translation.
Anna M. Rydzik, Marcin Warminski, Pawel J. Sikorski, Marek R. Baranowski, Sylwia Walczak, Joanna Kowalska, Joanna Zuberek, Maciej Lukaszewicz, Elzbieta Nowak, Timothy D. W. Claridge, Edward Darzynkiewicz, Marcin Nowotny, Jacek Jemielity, Nucleic Acid Research, 2017, 45, 8661–8675.
[DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkx569]
187) AMP binding stabilizes the KTN domain of the Shewanella denitrificans Kef potassium efflux system.
Christos Pliotas, Samuel C. Grayer, Sylvia Ekkerman, Anthony K. N. Chan, Jessica Healy, Phedra Marius, Wendy Bartlett, Amjad Khan, Wilian A. Cortopassi, Shane A Chandler, Tim Rasmussen, Justin L. P. Benesch, Robert S. Paton, Tim D. W. Claridge, Samantha Miller, Ian R. Booth, James H. Naismith and Stuart J. Conway. Biochemistry, 2017, 56, 4219-4234.
[DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.7b00300]
186) 13C-Carbamylation as a mechanistic probe for the inhibition of class D β-lactamases by avibactam and halide ions.
Christopher T. Lohans, David Y. Wang, Christian Jorgensen, Samuel T. Cahill, Ian J. Clifton, Michael A. McDonough, Henry P. Oswin, James Spencer, Carmen Domene, Timothy D. W. Claridge, Jürgen Brem and Christopher J. Schofield, Org. Biomol. Chem., 2017, 15, 6024-6032 [DI:.
10.1039/c7ob01514c]
185) Evaluation of 1H NMR metabolic profiling of Niemann Pick type 1 patient plasma as a potential diagnostic tool.
Fay Probert, Victor Ruiz-Rodado, Danielle te Vruchte, Elena-Raluca Nicoli, Tim D.W. Claridge, Christopher A. Wassif, Nicole Farhat, Forbes D. Porter, Frances M. Platt and Martin Grootveld, Sci Reps. 2017, 7, 6320.
[DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-06264-2]
184) Mechanistic studies on a Cu-catalysed asymmetric allylic alkylation with cyclic racemic starting materials.
Emeline Rideau, Hengzhi You, Mireia Sidera, Timothy D. W. Claridge, Stephen P. Fletcher, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2017, 139, 5614−5624.
[DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b02440]
183) Monitoring the Disassembly of Virus-like Particles by 19F NMR.
Rogen L. C. Leung, Matthew D. M. Robinson, Alaa A. A. Ajabali, Gogulan Karunanithy, Brian Lyons, Ritu Raj, Saeed Raoufmoghaddam, Shabaz Mohammed, Timothy D. W. Claridge, Andrew J. Baldwin and Benjamin G. Davis, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2017, 139, 5277−5280.
[DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b11040]
182) 19F-NMR Reveals the Role of Mobile Loops in Product and Inhibitor Binding by the São Paolo Metallo-β-Lactamase.
Martine I. Abboud, Jürgen Brem, Philip Hinchliffe, Robert Macsics, Inga Pfeffer, Anne Makena, Klaus-Daniel Umland, Anna M. Rydzik, Guo-Bo Li, James Spencer, Timothy D.W. Claridge, and Christopher J. Schofield, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2017, 56, 3862 –3866.
[DOI: 10.1002/anie.201612185]
181) Protein-ligand binding affinity determination by the waterLOGSY method: An optimised approach considering ligand rebinding.
Renjie Huang, Arnaud Bonnichon, Timothy D. W. Claridge, Ivanhoe K. H. Leung, Sci. Reps. 2017, 7, 43727.
[DOI: 10.1038/srep43727]
180) A characterization of the antimalarial activity of the bark of Cylicodiscus gabunensis Harms.
Omar Aldulaimi, Fidelia I. Uche, Hamza Hameed, Haddijatou Mbye, Imran Ullah, Falko Drijfhout, Timothy D.W. Claridge, Paul Horrocks, Wen-Wu Li, Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2017, 198, 221–225.
[DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.01.014]
179) Stereoselective Production of Dimethyl-Substituted Carbapenams via Engineered Carbapenem Biosynthesis Enzymes.
Refaat B. Hamed, Luc Henry, Timothy D. W. Claridge, and Christopher J. Schofield, ACS Catalysis, 2017, 7, 1279−1285.
[DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.6b02509]
178) Aromatic and antiaromatic ring currents in a molecular nanoring.
Martin D. Peeks, Timothy D. W. Claridge, Harry L. Anderson, Nature, 2017, 541, 200-203.
[DOI: 10.1038/nature20798]

177) Post-translational mutagenesis: A chemical synthetic strategy for exploration of protein side-chain diversity.
Tom H. Wright, Ben J. Bower, Justin M. Chalker, Gonçalo J. L. Bernardes, Rafal Wiewiora, Wai-Lung Ng, Ritu Raj, Sarah Faulkner, M. Robert J. Vallée, Anuchit Phanumartwiwath, Oliver D. Coleman, Marie-Laëtitia Thézénas, Maola Khan, Sébastien R. G. Galan, Lukas Lercher, Matthew W. Schombs, Stefanie Gerstberger, Maria E. Palm-Espling, Andrew J. Baldwin, Benedikt M. Kessler, Timothy D. W. Claridge, Shabaz Mohammed, Benjamin G. Davis, Science, 2016, Vol. 354, Issue 6312.
[DOI: 10.1126/science.aag1465].
176) Early diagnosis of brain metastases using a biofluids-metabolomics approach in mice.
James R. Larkin, Alex M. Dickens, Timothy D. W. Claridge, Claire Bristow, Kleopatra Andreou, Daniel C. Anthony, Nicola R. Sibson, Theranostics, 2016, 6, 2161-2169.
[DOI: 10.7150/thno.16538]
175) Torsional and Electronic Factors Control the C−H⋅⋅⋅O Interaction.
R. W. Driver, T. D. W. Claridge, S. Scheiner, M. D. Smith, Chem. Eur. J. 2016, 22, 16513-16521.
[DOI: 10.1002/chem.201602905]
174) Normal tissue radioprotection by amifostine via Warburg-type effects.
Michael I. Koukourakis, Alexandra Giatromanolaki, Christos E. Zois, Dimitra Kalamida, Stamatia Pouliliou, Ilias V. Karagounis, Tzu-Lan Yeh, Martine I. Abboud, Timothy D. W. Claridge, Christopher J. Schofield, Efthimios Sivridis, Costantinos Simopoulos, Savvas P. Tokmakidis & Adrian L. Harris, Sci. Rep., 2016, 6, 30986.
[DOI: 10.1038/srep30986]
173) Interaction of Avibactam with Class B Metallo-β-lactamases.
Martine I. Abboud, Christian Damblon, Jürgen Brem, Nicolas Smargiasso, Paola Mercuri, Bernard Gilbert, Anna M. Rydzik,Timothy D. W. Claridge, Christopher J. Schofield, and Jean-Marie Frère, Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 2016, 60, 5655–5662 [DOI:10.1128/AAC.00897-16]
172) Nanorings with Copper(II) and Zinc(II) Centers: Forcing Copper Porphyrins to Bind Axial Ligands in Heterometallated Oligomers.
Jonathan Cremers, Sabine Richert, Dmitry V. Kondratuk, Tim D. W. Claridge, Christiane R. Timmel, and Harry L. Anderson, Chemical Science, 2016,
[DOI: 10.1039/C6SC01809B]
171) Structural basis for oxygen degradation domain selectivity of the HIF prolyl hydroxylases.
Rasheduzzaman Chowdhury, Ivanhoe K. H. Leung, Ya-Min Tian, Martine I. Abboud, Wei Ge, Carmen Domene, François-Xavier Cantrelle, Isabelle Landrieu, Adam P. Hardy, Christopher W. Pugh, Peter J. Ratcliffe, Timothy D. W. Claridge & Christopher J. Schofield, Nat. Commun. 2016, 7:12673.
[DOI: 10.1038/ncomms12673].
170) Scalar cross-relaxation detected in the NOESY spectra of Oxazolidines and Thiazolidines.
Tharindi D. Panduwawala, Laia Josa-Culleré, Ilya Kuprov, Barbara Odell, Mark G. Moloney, and Timothy D. W. Claridge, J. Org. Chem. 2016, 81, 4142-4148.
[DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b00458]
169) Structure and dynamics of supramolecular assemblies from NMR relaxation interference measurements.
Gogulan Karunanithy, Arjen Cnossen, Henrik Müller, Martin D. Peeks, Nicholas H. Rees, Timothy D. W. Claridge, Harry L. Anderson and Andrew J. Baldwin, Chem. Comm. 2016, 52, 7450-7453.
[DOI: 10.1039/C6CC02544G]
168) Cephalosporins inhibit human metallo β-lactamase fold DNA repair nucleases SNM1A and SNM1B/apollo.
Sook Y. Lee, Jürgen Brem, Ilaria Pettinati, Timothy D. W. Claridge, Opher Gileadi, Christopher J. Schofield and Peter J. McHugh, Chem. Comm., 2016, 52, 6727-6730.
[DOI: 10.1039/C6CC00529B]
167) Development and applications of an efficient NMR ligand-based binding assay for γ-butyrobetaine hydroxylase (BBOX).
Amjad Khan, Robert K. Lesniak, Anna M. Rydzik, Hwanho Choi, Ivanhoe K. H. Leung, Jürgen Brem, Michael A. McDonough, Christopher J. Schofield, and Timothy D. W. Claridge, MedChemComm, 2016, 7, 873-880.
[DOI: 10.1039/C6MD00004E]
166) Synthesis and Characterization of a Novel N-F Reagent derived from the Ethano-Tröger’s Base:  1JFN Coupling Constant as Signature for the N-F Bond.
Raul Pereira, Jamie Wolstenhulme, Graham Sandford, Timothy D. W. Claridge, Véronique Gouverneur and Jan Cvengroš, Chem. Comm, 2016, 52, 1606-1609.
[DOI: 10.1039/C5CC08375C]

165) Studies on the Glutathione-Dependent Formaldehyde-Activating Enzyme from Paracoccus denitrificans.
Richard J. Hopkinson , Ivanhoe K. H. Leung, Tristan J. Smart, Nathan R. Rose, Luc Henry, Timothy D. W. Claridge, Christopher J. Schofield, PLoS ONE, 10(12):e0145085 [DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0145085]

164) Cation-π interactions contribute to substrate recognition in γ-butyrobetaine hydroxylase catalysis.
Jos J. A. G. Kamps, Amjad Khan, Hwanho Choi, Robert K. Lesniak, Jürgen Brem, Anna M. Rydzik, Michael A. McDonough, Christopher J. Schofield, Timothy D. W. Claridge and Jasmin Mecinović,  Chem. Eur. J., 2015, 22, 1270-1276 [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201503761]

163) Self-Assembly of Russian Doll Concentric Porphyrin Nanorings.
Sophie A. L. Rousseaux, Juliane Q. Gong, Rene!e Haver, Barbara Odell, Tim D. W. Claridge, Laura M. Herz, and Harry L. Anderson, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2015, 137, 12713-12718. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b07956].

162) Barrierless Photoisomerization of 11-cis Retinal Protonated Schiff Base in Solution.
Giovanni Bassolino, Tina Sovdat, Alex Soares Duarte, Jong Min Lim, Christoph Schnedermann, Matz Liebel, Barbara Odell, Timothy D.W. Claridge, Stephen P. Fletcher, Philipp Kukura, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2015, 137, 12434–12437. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b06492].

161) α- and α′-Lithiation−Electrophile Trapping of N-Thiopivaloyl and N-tert-Butoxythiocarbonyl α-Substituted Azetidines: Rationalization of the Regiodivergence Using NMR and Computation.
Kelvin E. Jackson, Claire L. Mortimer, Barbara Odell, Jeffrey M. McKenna, Timothy D. W. Claridge, Robert S. Paton, and David M. Hodgson, J. Org. Chem., 2015, 80, 9838-9846. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b01804]

160) Urinary Excretion and Metabolism of Miglustat and Valproate in Patients with Niemann-Pick Type C1 Disease: One- and Two-Dimensional Solution-State 1H NMR Studies.
Fay Probert, Victor Ruiz-Rodado, Xiaoyu Zhang, Danielle te Vruchte,Tim D.W. Claridge, Mark Edgar, Anna Zonato Tocchio, Robin H. Lachmann,Frances M. Platt, Martin Grootveld, J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 2016, 117, 276–288. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2015.08.011]

159) The Broad Spectrum 2-Oxoglutarate Oxygenase Inhibitor N-oxalylglycine is present in Rhubarb and Spinach Leaves.
Khalid Al-Qahtani, Bushra Jabeen, Rok Sekirnik, Naheed Riaz, Timothy D.W. Claridge, Christopher J. Schofield, James S.O. McCullagh, Phytochemistry, 2015, 117, 456-461. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2015.06.028]

158) NMR-Based Metabolomics Separates the Distinct Stages of Disease in a Chronic Relapsing Model of Multiple Sclerosis.
Alex M. Dickens, James R. Larkin, Benjamin G. Davis, Julian L. Griffin, Timothy D. W. Claridge, Nicola R. Sibson, Daniel C. Anthony. J. Neuroimmune Pharmacol., 2015, 10, 435-444. [DOI: 10.1007/s11481-015-9622-0]

157) Glycosyldiselenides as lectin ligands detectable by NMR in biofluids.
Ignacio Pérez-Victoria, Omar Boutureira, Tim D. W. Claridge and Benjamin G. Davis, Chem. Comm, 2015, 51, 12208-12211. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc03952e]

156) The longitudinal cerebrospinal fluid metabolomic profile of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Elizabeth Gray, James R. Larkin, Tim D. W. Claridge, Kevin Talbot, Nicola R. Sibson, and Martin R. Turner, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Degeneration 2015, 1-8 [DOI:10.3109/21678421.2015.105349]

155) Potent and Selective Triazole-based Inhibitors of the Hypoxia-inducible Factor Prolyl-hydroxylases with Activity in the Murine Brain.
Mun Chiang Chan, Onur Atasoylu, Emma Hodson, Anthony Tumber, Ivanhoe K. H. Leung, Rasheduzzaman Chowdhury, Verónica Gómez-Pérez, Marina Demetriades, Anna M. Rydzik, James Holt-Martyn, Ya-Min Tian, Tammie Bishop, Timothy D. W. Claridge, Akane Kawamura, Christopher W. Pugh, Peter J. Ratcliffe, Christopher J. Schofield, PLoS ONE 10(7): e0132004. [DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0132004]

154) Fluorophosphate Nucleotide Analogs as Versatile Tools for 19F NMR Studies.
Marek R. Baranowski, Anna Nowicka, Anna M. Rydzik, Marcin Warminski, Renata Kasprzyk, Blazej A. Wojtczak, Jacek Wojcik, Timothy D. W. Claridge, Joanna Kowalska, Jacek Jemielity, J. Org. Chem., 2015, 80, 3982-3997. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b00337]

153) Cerebrospinal fluid metabolomics implicate bioenergetic adaptation as a neural mechanism regulating shifts in cognitive states of HIV-infected patients.
A. M. Dickens, D. C. Anthony, R. Deutsch, M. M. Mielke, T. D. W. Claridge, I. Grant, D. Franklin, D. Rosario, T. Marcotte,  S. Letendre, J. C.  McArthur, N. J.Haughey,  AIDS, 2015, 29, 559-569 [DOI: 10.1097/QAD.0000000000000580].

152) Caterpillar Track Complexes in Template-Directed Synthesis and Correlated Molecular Motion.
Shiqi Liu, Dmitry V. Kondratuk, Sophie A. L. Rousseaux, Guzmµn Gil-Ramírez, Melanie C. O’Sullivan, Jonathan Cremers, Tim D. W. Claridge, and Harry L. Anderson. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2015, 54, 5355–5359 [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201412293]

151) Anomalous Nuclear Overhauser Effects in Carbon-Substituted Aziridines: Scalar Cross-Relaxation of the First Kind.
Ilya Kuprov, David M. Hodgson, Johannes Kloesges, Christopher I. Pearson, Barbara Odell, and Timothy D. W. Claridge, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2015, 54, 3697-3701. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201410271]

150) Studying the active-site loop movement of the São Paolo metallo-β-lactamase-1.
Jürgen Brem, Weston B. Struwe, Anna M. Rydzik, Hanna Tarhonskaya, Inga Pfeffer, Emily Flashman, Sander S. van Berkel, James Spencer, Timothy D. W. Claridge, Michael A. McDonough, Justin L. P. Benesch and Christopher J. Schofield, Chemical Science, 2015, 6, 956-963. [DOI 10.1039/C4SC01752H]

149) Investigating the contribution of the active site environment to the slow reaction of hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl hydroxylase domain 2 with oxygen.
Hanna Tarhonskaya, Rasheduzzaman Chowdhury, Ivanhoe K. H. Leung, Nikita D. Loik, James S. O. McCullagh, Timothy D. W. Claridge, Christopher J. Schofield and Emily Flashman, Biochem. J., 2014, 463, 363–372. [doi:10.1042/BJ20140779]

148) Rhodanine Hydrolysis Leads to Potent Thioenolate Mediated Metallo-β-Lactamase inhibition.
Jürgen Brem, Sander S. van Berkel, WeiShen Aik, Anna Rydzik, Matthew B. Avison, Ilaria Pettinati, Klaus-Daniel Umland, Akane Kawamura, James Spencer, Timothy D.W. Claridge, Michael A. McDonough, and Christopher J. Schofield. Nature Chem. 2014, 6, 1084-1090. [DOI:10.1038/nchem.2110]

147) A type-II biomarker for differentiating relapsing remitting from secondary progressive multiple sclerosis.
 A.M. Dickens, J.R. Larkin, J. L. Griffin, A. Cavey, L. Matthews, M.R. Turner, G.K. Wilcock, B.G. Davis, T.D.W. Claridge, J. Palace, D.C. Anthony, N.R. Sibson, Neurology, 2014, 83, 1492-1499. [doi: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000000905].

146) Human oxygen sensing may have origins in prokaryotic elongation factor Tu prolyl-hydroxylation.
John S. Scotti, Ivanhoe K. H. Leung, Wei Ge, Michael A. Bentley, Jordi Paps, Holger B. Kramer, Joongoo Lee, WeiShen Aik, Hwanho Choi, Steinar M. Paulsen, Lesley A. H. Bowman, Nikita D. Loik, Shoichiro Horita, Chia-hua Ho, Nadia J. Kershaw, Christoph M. Tang, Timothy D. W. Claridge, Gail M. Preston, Michael A. McDonough, and Christopher J. Schofield, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., 2014, 111, 13331-13336. [DOI:10.1073/pnas.1409916111].

145) Oxygenase-Catalysed Desymmetrisation of N,N-Dialkyl Piperidine-4-carboxylic acids.
Anna M. Rydzik, Ivanhoe K. H. Leung, Grazyna T. Kochan, Michael A. McDonough, Timothy D. W. Claridge and Christopher J. Schofield, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2014, 53, 10925 –10927 [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201406125]

144) Comparison of the substrate selectivity and biochemical properties of human and bacterial γ-butyrobetaine hydroxylase.
Anna M. Rydzik, Ivanhoe K. H. Leung, Grazyna T. Kochan, Nikita D. Loik,  Luc Henry,  Michael A. McDonough,  Timothy D. W. Claridge and Christopher J. Schofield, Org. Biomol. Chem, 2014, 12, 6354–6358. [DOI: 10.1039/C4OB01167H]

143) Studies on Deacetoxycephalosporin C Synthase Support a Consensus Mechanism for 2-Oxoglutarate Dependent Oxygenases.
Hanna Tarhonskaya, Andrea Szöllössi, Ivanhoe K. H. Leung, Jacob T. Bush, Luc Henry, Rasheduzzaman Chowdhury, Aman Iqbal, Timothy D. W. Claridge, Christopher J. Schofield, and Emily Flashman, Biochemistry, 2014, 53, 2483−2493. [DOI: 10.1021/bi500086p].

142) Non-Enzymatic Chemistry Enables 2-Hydroxyglutarate Mediated Activation of 2-Oxoglutarate Oxygenases.
Hanna Tarhonskaya, Anna M. Rydzik, Ivanhoe K. H. Leung, Nikita D. Loik, Mun Chiang Chan, Akane Kawamura, James S. O. McCullagh, Timothy D. W. Claridge, Emily Flashman and Christopher J. Schofield, Nat. Commun., 2014, 5, 3423 [DOI:10.1038/ncomms4423]

141) Monitoring conformational changes in the NDM-1 Metallo-β-lactamase by 19F NMR.
Anna M. Rydzik, Jürgen Brem, Sander S. van Berkel, Inga Pfeffer, Anne Makena, Timothy D. W. Claridge, Christopher J. Schofield, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl., 2014, 53, 3129-3133. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201310866]

140) Synthetic control of retinal photochemistry and photophysics in solution.
Giovanni Bassolino, Tina Sovdat, Matz Liebel, Christoph Schnedermann, Barbara Odell, Timothy D.W. Claridge, Philipp Kukura, Stephen P. Fletcher J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2014, 136, 2650-2658. [DOI: 10.1021/ja4121814]

139) Fluoromethylated derivatives of carnitine biosynthesis intermediates – synthesis and applications.
Anna M. Rydzik, Ivanhoe K. H. Leung, Armin Thalhammer,  Grazyna T. Kochan, Timothy D. W. Claridge  and Christopher J. Schofield, Chem. Commun., 2014, 50, 1175-1177 [DOI: 10.1039/c3cc47581f]

138) Stereoselective preparation of lipidated carboxymethyl-proline/pipecolic acid derivatives via coupling of engineered crotonases with an alkylmalonyl-CoA synthetase.
Refaat B. Hamed, Luc Henry, J. Ruben Gomez-Castellanos, Amina Asghar, Jürgen Brem, Timothy D. W. Claridge  and Christopher J. Schofield, Org. Biomol. Chem., 2013, 11, 8191-8196, [DOI: 10.1039/c3ob41525b]

137) Solution phase structures of enantiopure and racemic lithium N-benzyl-N-(α-methylbenzyl)amide in THF: low temperature 6Li and 15N NMR spectroscopic studies.
Timothy D. W. Claridge, Stephen G. Davies, Dennis Kruchinin, Barbara Odell, Paul M. Roberts, Angela J. Russell, James E. Thomson, Steven M. Toms. Tetrahedron: Asymmetry, 2013, 24, 947–952. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2013.07.001]

136) A Discrete Three-Layer Stack Aggregate of a Linear Porphyrin Tetramer: Solution-Phase Structure Elucidation by NMR and X-Ray Scattering.
Marie Hutin, Johannes K. Sprafke, Barbara Odell, Harry L. Anderson and Tim D. W. Claridge, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2013, 135, 12798−12807 [DOI: 10.1021/ja406015r]

135) Binding of (5S)-Penicilloic Acid to Penicillin Binding Protein 3.
Sander S. van Berkel, Joanne E. Nettleship, Ivanhoe K. H. Leung, Jürgen Brem, Hwanho Choi, David I. Stuart, Timothy D. W. Claridge, Michael A. McDonough, Raymond J. Owens, Jingshan Ren, Christopher J. Schofield, ACS Chem. Biol., 2013, 8, 2112-2116 [DOI: 10.1021/cb400200h]

134) Chiral Recognition in Contact Ion-pairs; Observation, Characterization and Analysis.
J. A. Raskatov, A. L. Thompson, A. R. Cowley, T. D. W. Claridge and J. M. Brown, Chem. Sci., 2013, 4, 3140 – 3147 [DOI: 10.1039/c3sc51096d]

133)  Is JmjC Oxygenase Catalysis Limited to Demethylation?
Richard J. Hopkinson, Louise J. Walport, Martin Münzel, Nathan R. Rose, Tristan J. Smart, Akane Kawamura, Timothy D. W. Claridge and Christopher J. Schofield, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl., 2013, 52, 7709-7713. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201303282]

132) Substrate Selectivity Analyses of Factor Inhibiting Hypoxia-Inducible Factor
Ming Yang, Adam P. Hardy, Rasheduzzaman Chowdhury, Nikita D. Loik, John S. Scotti, James S. O. McCullagh, Timothy D. W. Claridge, Michael A. McDonough, Wei Ge and Christopher J. Schofield, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl., 2013,  52,1700-1704. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201208046]

131) Reporter ligand NMR screening method for 2-oxoglutarate oxygenase inhibitors
Ivanhoe K. H. Leung, Marina Demetriades, Adam P. Hardy, Clarisse Lejeune, Tristan J. Smart, Andrea Szöllössi, Akane Kawamura, Christopher J. Schofield, Timothy D. W. Claridge, J. Med. Chem., 2013, 56, 547-555. [DOI: 10.1021/jm301583m]

130) Acceleration of the Eschenmoser coupling reaction by sonication: efficient synthesis of enaminones
Naga Durgarao Koduri, Bethany Hileman, Justin D. Cox, Halee Scott, Phuong Hoang, Alexa Robbins, Kyle Bowers, Lemma Tsebaot, Kun Miao, Maria Castaneda, Michael Coffin, Guan Wei, Tim D. W. Claridge, Kenneth P. Roberts and Syed Raziullah Hussaini, RSC Adv., 2013, 3, 181-188. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ra22033d]

129)  Oxygenase Catalysed Ribosome Hydroxylation Occurs in Prokaryotes and Humans
Wei Ge, Alexander Wolf, Tianshu Feng, Chia-hua Ho, Rok Sekirnik, Adam Zayer, Nicolas Granatino, Matthew E. Cockman, Christoph Loenarz, Nikita D. Loik, Adam P. Hardy, Timothy D.W. Claridge, Refaat B. Hamed, Rasheduzzaman Chowdhury, Lingzhi Gong, Carol V. Robinson, David C. Trudgian, Miao Jiang, Mukram M. Mackeen, James S. Mccullagh, Yuliya Gordiyenko, Armin Thalhammer, Atsushi Yamamoto, Ming Yang, Phebee Liu-Yi, Zhihong Zhang, Marion Schmidt-Zachmann, Benedikt M. Kessler, Peter J. Ratcliffe, Gail M. Preston, Mathew L. Coleman, Christopher J. Schofield, Nature Chem. Biol., 2012, 8, 960-962. [DOI: 10.1038/NChemBio.1093]

128) Conformational analysis of fluorinated pyrrolidines using 19F-1H scalar couplings and heteronuclear nOes
Lorraine E. Combettes, Philip Clausen-Thue, Mike King, Barbara Odell, Amber L. Thompson, Véronique Gouverneur, and Tim D. W. Claridge, Chem. Eur. J, 2012, 18, 13133-13141. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201201577]

127)  Synthesis of 3-Fluoropyrrolidines and 4-Fluoropyrrolidin-2-ones from Allylic Fluorides
Lorraine E. Combettes, Marie Schuler, Rakesh Patel, Baltasar Bonillo, Barbara Odell, Amber L. Thompson, Tim D. W. Claridge, and Véronique Gouverneur, Chem. Eur. J, 2012, 18, 13126-13132. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201201576]

126) Ammonium-Directed Olefinic Epoxidation: Kinetic and Mechanistic Insights
Méabh B. Brennan, Timothy D. W. Claridge, Richard G. Compton, Stephen G. Davies, Ai M. Fletcher, Martin C. Henstridge, David S. Hewings, Wataru Kurosawa, James A. Lee, Paul M. Roberts, Anne K. Schoonen, and James E. Thomson, J. Org. Chem, 2012, 77, 7241-7261. [DOI: 10.1021/jo3010556]

125) γ-Butyrobetaine Hydroxylase Catalyses a Stevens Type Rearrangement.
Luc Henry, Ivanhoe K. H. Leung, Timothy D. W. Claridge, Christopher J. Schofield, Biorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 2012, 22, 4975-4978. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.06.024]

124) Development and application of a fluoride detection based fluorescence assay for γ-butyrobetaine hydroxylase
Anna M. Rydzik, Ivanhoe K. H. Leung, Grazyna T. Kochan, Armin Thalhammer, Udo Oppermann, Timothy D. W. Claridge and Christopher J. Schofield, ChemBioChem, 2012, 13, 1559–1563. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201200256]

123) Fluorescent Charge-Assisted Halogen-Bonding Macrocyclic Halo-Imidazolium Receptors for Anion Recognition and Sensing in Aqueous Media
Fabiola Zapata, Antonio Caballero, Nicholas G. White, Tim D. W. Claridge, Paulo J. Costa, Vitor Felix and Paul D. Beer, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2012, 134, 11533-11541. [DOI: 10.1021/ja302213r]

122) Conformational Effects in Sugar Ions: Spectroscopic Investigations in the Gas Phase and in Solution
Ram Sagar, Svemir Rudić,  David P. Gamblin, Eoin M. Scanlan, Timothy D. Vaden, Barbara Odell, Timothy D.W. Claridge, John P. Simons and Benjamin G. Davis, Chem. Sci., 2012, 3, 2307-2313 [DOI:10.1039/C2SC20341C]

121) Dynamic Chemistry Employing Boronic Acids / Boronate Esters Leads to Potent Oxygenase Inhibitors
Marina Demetriades, Ivanhoe K. H. Leung, Rasheduzzaman Chowdhury, Mun Chiang Chan,  Kar Kheng Yeoh,Ya-Min Tian, Timothy D.W Claridge, Peter J. Ratcliffe, Esther C. Y. Woon,  Christopher J. Schofield, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl., 2012, 51, 6672-6675.  [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201202000]

120) Crotonase Catalysis Enables Flexible Production of Functionalized Prolines and Carbapenams
Refaat B. Hamed, Luc Henry, J. Ruben Gomez-Castellanos, Jasmin Mecinović, Christian Ducho, John L. Sorensen, Timothy D. W. Claridge, and Christopher J. Schofield, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2012, 134, 471-479. [DOI: 10.1021/ja208318d]

119) Factor-Inhibiting Hypoxia-Inducible Factor (FIH) Catalyses the Post-translational Hydroxylation of Histidinyl Residues within Ankyrin Repeat Domains
Ming Yang, Rasheduzzaman Chowdhury, Wei Ge, Refaat B. Hamed, Michael A. McDonough, Timothy D. W. Claridge, Benedikt M. Kessler, Matthew E. Cockman, Peter J. Ratcliffe and Christopher J. Schofield, FEBS Lett., 2011, 278, 1086-1097. [DOI:10.1111/j.1742-4658.2011.08022.x]

118) Dimeric Self-Association of an Isophthalamide Macrocycle in Solution and the Solid State
Christopher J. Serpell, Owen Thomas, Barbara Odell, Timothy D. W. Claridge, Ricky Chall, Amber L. Thompson, and Paul D. Beer, Cryst. Eng. Comm., 2011, 13, 4586-4591 [DOI: 10.1039/C1CE05271C]

117) All-or-Nothing Cooperative Self-Assembly of an Annulene Sandwich
Johannes K. Sprafke, Barbara Odell, Timothy D. W. Claridge and Harry L. Anderson, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl., 2011, 50, 5572-5575. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201008087]

116) An approach to enzyme inhibition employing reversible boronate ester formation
Ivanhoe K. H. Leung, Tom Brown Jr, Christopher J. Schofield, Timothy D. W. Claridge., Med. Chem. Comm., 2011,  2, 390-395. [DOI: 10.1039/c1md00011j]

115) Stereoselective C-C bond formation catalysed by engineered carboxymethylproline synthases
Refaat B. Hamed, J. Ruben Gomez-Castellanos, Armin Thalhammer, Daniel Harding, Christian Ducho, Timothy D. W. Claridge, and Christopher J. Schofield., Nature Chem., 2011, 3, 365-371. [DOI: 10.1038/NCHEM.1011]

 114) The oncometabolite 2-hydroxyglutarate inhibits histone lysine demethylases
Rasheduzzaman Chowdhury, Kar Kheng Yeoh, Ya-Min Tian, Lars Hillringhaus, Eleanor A. Bagg, Nathan R. Rose, Ivanhoe K.H. Leung, Xuan S. Li, Esther C.Y. Woon, Ming Yang, Michael A.McDonough, Oliver N. King, Ian J. Clifton, Robert J. Klose, Timothy D.W. Claridge, Peter J. Ratcliffe, Christopher J. Schofield & Akane Kawamura, EMBO Reports, 2011,  12, 463-469. [DOI:10.1038/embor.2011.43]

113) A systematic study of the solid state and solution phase conformational preferences of b-peptides derived from C(3)-alkyl substituted transpentacin derivatives
Elin Abraham, Timothy D.W. Claridge, Stephen G. Davies , Barbara Odell, Paul M. Roberts, Angela J. Russell, Andrew D. Smith, Lorna J. Smith, Helen R. Storr, Miles J. Sweet, Amber L. Thompson, James E. Thomson, George E. Tranter, David J. Watkin, Tet. Asymm., 2011, 22, 69-100. [DOI:10.1016/j.tetasy.2010.12.007]

112) Asparagine and aspartate hydroxylation of the cytoskeletal Ankyrin family is catalysed by Factor-Inhibiting Hypoxia-Inducible Factor
Ming Yang, Wei Ge, Rasheduzzaman Chowdhury, Timothy D. W. Claridge, Holger B. Kramer, Bernhard Schmierer, Michael A. McDonough, Lingzhi Gong, Benedikt M. Kessler, Peter J. Ratcliffe, Mathew L. Coleman, and Christopher J. Schofield, J. Biol. Chem., 2011, 286, 7648-7660. [DOI:10.1074/jbc.M110.193540]

111) The 2-Oxoglutarate Dependent Oxygenase JMJD6 Catalyses Oxidation of Lysine Residues to give 5S-Hydroxylysine Residues
Monica Mantri, Nikita D. Loik, Refaat B. Hamed, Timothy D. W. Claridge, James S. O. McCullagh, Christopher J. Schofield, ChemBioChem, 2011, 12, 531-534. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201000641]

110) Tuning the cavity of cyclodextrins: altered sugar adaptors in protein pores
Wen-Wu Li, Timothy D.W. Claridge, Qiuhong Li, Mark R. Wormald, Benjamin G. Davis and Hagan Bayley,  J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2011, 133, 1987-2001. [DOI: 10.1021/ja1100867]

109) Vernier Templating and Synthesis of a 12-Porphyrin Nano-ring
Melanie C. O’Sullivan, Johannes K. Sprafke, Dmitry V. Kondratuk, Corentin Rinfray, Timothy D. W. Claridge, Alex Saywell, Matthew O. Blunt, James N. O’Shea, Peter H. Beton, Marc Malfois & Harry L. Anderson, Nature, 2011, 469, 72-75. [DOI:10.1038/nature09683]

108) Structural and Mechanistic Studies on γ-Butyrobetaine Hydroxylase
Ivanhoe K.H. Leung, Tobias J. Krojer, Grazyna T. Kochan , Luc Henry, Frank von Delft, Timothy D. W. Claridge, Udo Oppermann, Michael A. McDonough, and Christopher J. Schofield, Chemistry & Biology, 2010, 17, 1316-1324. [DOI:10.1016/j.chembiol.2010.09.016]

107) Studies on the reaction of glutathione and formaldehyde using NMR
Richard J. Hopkinson, Philippa S. Barlow, Christopher J. Schofield and Timothy D. W. Claridge, Org. Biomol. Chem., 2010, 8, 4915-4920.  [DOI: 10.1039/C0OB00208A]

106) A systematic study of the solid state and solution phase conformational preferences of β-peptides derived from transpentacin
Elin Abraham, Callum W. Bailey, Timothy D. W. Claridge, Stephen G. Davies, Kenneth B. Ling, Barbara Odell, Thomas L. Rees, Paul M. Roberts, Angela J. Russell, Andrew D. Smith, Lorna J. Smith, Helen R. Storr, Miles J. Sweet, Amber L. Thompson, James E. Thomson, George E. Tranter, David J. Watkin, Tet. Asymm., 2010, 21, 1797-1815. [DOI:10.1016/j.tetasy.2010.06.001]

105) Structure and reactivity of bicyclic methylene aziridines prepared by intramolecular aziridination of allenes
Jeremy Robertson, George C. Feast, Louise V. White, Victoria A. Steadman (n´ee Doughty) and Timothy D. W. Claridge, Org. Biomol. Chem., 2010, 8, 3060-3063 [DOI: 10.1039/c003693e]

104) Monitoring the Activity of 2-Oxoglutarate Dependent Histone Demethylases by NMR Spectroscopy: Direct Observation of Formaldehyde
Richard J. Hopkinson, Refaat B. Hamed, Nathan R. Rose, Timothy D. W. Claridge, and Christopher J. Schofield, ChemBioChem, 2010, 11, 506-510. [DOI: 10.1002/ cbic.200900713.]

103) Carboxymethylproline synthase catalysed syntheses of functionalised N-heterocycles
Refaat B. Hamed, Jasmin Mecinovic , Christian Ducho, Timothy D. W. Claridge and Christopher J. Schofield, Chem. Commun., 2010, 46, 1413 – 1415. [DOI: 10.1039/b924519g]

102) Group epitope mapping considering relaxation of the ligand (GEM-CRL): Including longitudinal relaxation rates in the analysis of saturation transfer difference (STD) experiments
Sebastian Kemper, Mitul K. Patel, James C. Errey, Benjamin G. Davis, Jonathan A. Jones, Timothy D. W. Claridge, J. Magn. Reson., 2010, 203, 1-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2009.11.015]

101) Using NMR Solvent Relaxation to Investigate Metalloenzyme-Ligand Binding Interactions
Ivanhoe K. H. Leung, Emily Flashman, Kar Kheng Yeoh, Christopher J. Schofield and Timothy D. W. Claridge, J. Med. Chem., 2010, 53, 867-875. [DOI: 10.1021/jm901537q]